Attacking the surface of a planet from orbit is referred to as an orbital bombardment. The scale varied from an general bombardment for maximum damage to surgical strikes.
In 2371, a combined fleet of Tal Shiar and Obsidian Order ships bombarded the Founders' homeworld in an attempt to wipe out the Founders. However, it proved to be a trap with the Founders long gone and a large Dominion fleet surrounding and destroying the Romulan and Cardassian ships. (DS9: "The Die is Cast")
On stardate 51474.3 the Dominion launched an attack on Coridan where they successfully managed to bombard the planet's dilithium mines from orbit, collapsing them and killing thousands of workers. (The Dominion War Sourcebook)
External link
- Orbital bombardment article at Memory Alpha, the canon Star Trek wiki.